Structure Of The Gettysburg Address - 899 Words

Abraham Lincoln was president of the United States and in office during the Civil War, during this war the North and South were at odds and much blood was shed. The Battle of Gettysburg was particularly gruesome, but none the less a major win for the Union. Immediately after the battle, Lincoln was invited to speak on behalf of all fallen soldiers and on the victory that the Union so desperately needed. The Gettysburg Address motivated the American people to persevere and continue fighting the Confederacy in order to free the slaves and make the country whole again. An address such as this one gave the broken down people of America new hope, a fire once again lit in their hearts to continue and push on. The Gettysburg Address not only†¦show more content†¦Not only did this device provoke sympathy from the citizens, but it also rekindled their want to fight and persevere for those who do not have a voice and for those who lost their lives protecting the belief that all men ar e equal. It is clear that Lincoln is using this device when he states, â€Å" A final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live†. A touching statement such as this one appeals to the human side of the audience members, thus causing them to feel as if it is their duty to continue with high spirits in such a treacherous war. Another rhetorical device employed by Lincoln is his use of inclusive language. For instance, the continuous utilization of the word â€Å"we†, was no mistake. This is meant to create a sense of unity and camaraderie between all people in the United States, not just the Confederacy or the Union. In order to sufficiently motivate and uplift the American people Lincoln used these persuasive techniques. One can obviously see how this has paid off by how highly regarded the speech still is over 150 years later. Lincoln not only uses pathos to ensure that his point is understood but he also uses the rhetorical device anaphora. Anaphora is the repetition of the same words or phrase at the beginning of a sentence. Evidence of anaphora can be seen in lines 9 and 10 of The Gettysburg Address, â€Å"we can not dedicate, we can not consecrate, we can not hallow thisShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis of The Gettysburg Address Essay776 Words   |  4 Pages Four and a half months after the Union defeated the Confederacy at the Battle of Gettysburg, Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address on November 19, 1863. He gave the Union soldiers a new perspective on the war and something to fight for. Before the address, the Civil War was based solely on states’ rights. Lincoln’s speech has the essence of America and the ideals that were put into the Declaration of Independence by the founders. The sixteenth president of the UnitedRead MoreGettysburg Address Rhetoric al Analysis Essay examples889 Words   |  4 PagesFour and a half months after the Union defeated the Confederacy at the Battle of Gettysburg, Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address on November 19, 1863. He gave the Union soldiers a new perspective on the war and a reason to fight in the Civil War. Before the address, the Civil War was based on states’ rights. Lincoln’s speech has the essence of America and the ideals that were instilled in the Declaration of Independence by the Founders. The sixteenth president of the United States wasRead MoreGettysburg the Speech1357 Words   |  6 Pages[Date] The Gettysburg Address Introduction Gettysburg Address is one of the important dictations of values that provided much needed direction for the future leadership of the United States. It shaped the societal values and beliefs of the country. This assertion can be affirmed with the speech s enduring presence in the US culture. Notwithstanding its noticeable place cut into stone units on the south divider of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., the Gettysburg Address is every nowRead MoreAnalysis of The Gettysburg Address Essay1435 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of The Gettysburg Address In the early days of the United States, loyalty to one’s state often took precedence over loyalty to one’s country. The Union was considered a â€Å"voluntary compact entered into by independent, sovereign states† for as long as it served their purpose to be so joined (Encarta). Neither the North nor South had any strong sense permanence of the Union. As patterns of living diverged between North and South, their political ideas also developed marked differencesRead MoreLincoln Speech Analysis1038 Words   |  5 PagesThe persuasion scenario our group choose to observe is the events that happen in United States of America in 19th century. It’s the President Abraham Lincoln famous Gettysburg address. One of the main points for Lincoln when he giving this speech is to persuade both union and confederate (two different sides during the civil war) citizens to come join together to create the new equal and justice United States. This persuasion speech made me known why many people saw him as the great man. He did notRead MoreWhat Makes A Great Speech So Memorable?1091 Words   |  5 Pagestwo famous speeches from the last 200 years, The Gettysburg Address and Eulogy for Princess Diana, and the rhetorical techniques used within to portray their messages. As stated by Nathaniel Hawthorne, ‘Words – so innocent and powerless as they are†¦,how potent for good and evil they become in the hands of one who knows how to combine them.’ To this day, perhaps one of the most famous and powerful speeches is Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address. Similarly, Earl Spencer’s Eulogy for Princess DianaRead MoreThe Battle Of Gettysburg : Why Was It A Turning Point?1361 Words   |  6 Pagesof Gettysburg: Why Was It a Turning Point? â€Å"Death created the modern American union, not just by ensuring national survival, but by shaping enduring national structures and commitments. The work of death was Civil War America s most fundamental and most demanding undertaking†Ã¢â‚¬â€ Drew Gilpin Faust. Death in the Civil War was indeed a principle in creating the America we know and love today. This was the bloodiest war in United States military history. Within the war was the Battle of Gettysburg, aRead MoreAbraham Lincoln And His Impact On The World1131 Words   |  5 PagesMississippi River. In 1863, Robert E. Lee s Confederate attack north ended at the Battle of Gettysburg. Western successes led to Ulysses S. Grant s command of all Union armies in 1864. The last significant battles raged around the Siege of Petersburg. Lee s escape attempt ended with his surrender at Appomattox Court House. Another event that Lincoln is known for is his presentation of the Gettysburg Address, this speech is one of the most remember and respected speeches know in american history.Read MoreA Comparison of Dr. Kings I Have a Dream Speech and Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address498 Words   |  2 Pagesbackgrounds and different times with one common goal, equality for all. The Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Gettysburg Address† and Martin Luther King’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† both address the oppression of the African-Americans in their cultures. Though one hundred years and three wars divide the two documents, they draw astonishing parallels in they purposes and their techniques. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of the bloody war between the states in favor of the north. The battleRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence : America s Political Philosophy And Its Way Of Life Essay1755 Words   |  8 Pagesoriginally expressed directly, are the logical extension of it’s philosophy. Lastly, I will be talking about the Declaration’s place in the history of our nation and the manner in which it was reinvigorated as a founding document in Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address. The Enlightenment was a primary influence on Thomas Jefferson and the other founding fathers. It was the culmination of a long process in Western Civilization, away from dominance of the Catholic Church, the idea of the divine right of Kings

1 Introduction. This Literature Review Contributes To The

1 Introduction This literature review contributes to the activities of the coaching process in ‘EXT 8888’ Medical Device Company by reviewing current good practice in coaching and will cover the following: Background and development of coaching, key areas of coaching, coaching methodologies, coaching models, coaching and leadership development, best practice in the areas of workplace coaching. The output of this review will examine the relevance of coaching in the context of people development and will contribute to the knowledge of how to achieve a uniform approach to Team Leader development within EXT 8888 Cork by using coaching techniques and the development of a coaching plan. 2 Context Since 2010, coaching has been cited in several†¦show more content†¦Coaching is one of the strategies that will assist the company to attract and retain talent of those staff who play critical roles in the organisation and who possess skills sets vital to organisational operations and performance. 3 What Is Coaching Defining coaching is not a straightforward exercise. For the purposes of this review we have identified the main definitions to offer an overview of coaching theory, models and practice most pertinent to the manufacturing industry. The term coaching comes from an old Anglo-Saxon word meaning carriage, in other words, something that takes you from where you are now to where you want to be. Kennedy (Kennedy, 2009) lists the following definitions †¢ The art of facilitating the performance, learning and development of another †¢ Unlocking a person’s potential to maximize their own performance †¢ Closing the gap between thinking about doing and doing †¢ Coaching is about performing at your best through the individual and private assistance of someone who will challenge, stimulate and guide you to keep growing. †¢ Coaching is about getting results and helping clients understand their way of generating problems. Coaching assists a client in defining what they want, removing obstacles, setting goals, and striving for balance and fulfilment. Coaching is recognised as an effective organisational development tool which has solid foundations in psychology, philosophy and education and derives many of its principles and practicesShow MoreRelatedConstruction Industry : Statistics And Policy1344 Words   |  6 PagesChapter 1 introduction The construction industry is a major contributor to the UK and the world in general’s economies as a whole. In 2012 in the UK alone the gross value added was  £83 Billion accounting for 6% of the total economy for the UK according to the paper produced by Chris Rhodes for the House of Commons titled Construction Industry: statistics and policy. (1) Due to the scale of the contribution the construction industry makes to the economy it has been the focus of various reports andRead MoreFactors Affecting The Stress Experienced By Tertiary Students Essay1037 Words   |  5 Pages1. In your own words, explain what your research question really means. I am aiming to decipher the factors that contribute to the stress experienced by tertiary students. There are multiple factors in society that are said to constrain the life of a student or make it more difficult, and I am interested to find out what these factors are and to what degree they cause stress in a student s life. 2. List the main keywords for your research question. Also find  synonyms for each of the keywords. AdolescentsRead MoreHow Effective Leadership Leads The Great Creativity And Innovation Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesFigures 3 List of tables 3 Chapter 1 Introduction and Background (1000words) 4 1.1 Introduction 4 1.2 Background to the study 4 1.3 The research problem 4 1.4 Rationale (reason for the study) 4 1.5 Aims and objectives of the study 4 1.6 Research questions 4 1.7 The relevance of the study 4 1.8 Structure of the dissertation 5 Chapter 2 Literature review (3500words) 5 2.1. Introduction 5 2.2. Conclusion 5 Chapter 3 Research methods (1500 words) 5 3.1 Introduction 5 3.2 Research purpose 5 3.3 The researchRead MoreHow to prepare a good research proposal1552 Words   |  7 Pagesyour topic fits with the granting organization s mission and to mimic their title/proposal structure Abstract/summary statement of the research project: This one page summary focuses on the research topic, its new, current and relevant aspects. Strive for clarity; your greatest challenge might be narrowing the topic Review of research literature A short and precise overview about the current state of research that is immediately connected with your research project. Reference the most importantRead MoreWhat Are Subdivided Flat? Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pagesstatistic shows that the environment of subdivided flats hinder and worsen the play experience of child. 1.1.1 Research Context The research focuses on the understanding and improving interactive play experience of children in subdivided flats. This research is cross-disciplinary which the main subjects are design for play and theories of child development. 1.1.2 Theories of Play and Child Development â€Å"Play is an essential play of children development which includes physical, mental, intellectualRead MoreResource Based View of Social Entrepreneurship: Puting the Pieces Together813 Words   |  3 Pages INTRODUCTION The emerging field of social entrepreneurship calls for a need for new integrated theories to contribute to the discipline and help grow the field. Social Entrepreneurship has been a topic of academic interest for the past few decades; however there has been little scholarly output in mainstream journals (Short, Moss, Lumpkin 2009). Social entrepreneurship is commonly defined as â€Å"entrepreneurial activity with an embeddedRead MoreEffects Of Insulin Medication Errors On New Grad Nurses783 Words   |  4 PagesTittle of research Proposal Impact of Insulin Medication Errors on New Grad Nurses; Review on available support Introduction Exploration of the concept of Medication Administration errors (MAEs) especially regarding Insulin and what contributes to New Grad Nurses (NGN’s) becoming second victims, and the impact of it on and its effects on their nursing. Nearly 1 in 3 hospitals that have patients with diabetes are affected by Medication Errors (National Diabetes Inpatient Audit, 2012). ControllingRead MoreTerrorism Is Very Real For Mnes Essay1233 Words   |  5 Pagespractice. The research question addressed by this exploratory study is how international businesses apply past terrorism exposure and experience from operating in risky locations to create organizational preparedness and performance resilience to absorb and endure future terrorist attacks. This paper contributes to the international business literature by addressing a gap in the literature how firms can prepare for and respond to terrorism. The study contributes to a theory of organizational resilienceRead MoreAdolescent Attitudes Toward Mental Illness Essay1611 Words   |  7 PagesPSY102 Foundations of Psychology Assessment 1: Evaluation of Report (Adolescents’ attitudes towards mental illness; Relationship between components and sex differences) â€Æ' Q1 Read Burton page 87/89 and evaluate the introductory paragraph of the article. How does the opening paragraph in Norman and Malla (1983) differ from the guidelines illustrated in Burton? There are distinct differences within the Norman and Malla article with regard to both structure and detail when compared to the guidelineRead MoreProject Management Msc. 7Pjmn009W Project Management Project.1391 Words   |  6 Pages2017 Version: 1.1 Project type: Academic Preferred Supervisor: Proposed Title: How does the use of formal project management methodologies in complex Home Automation projects contribute to project success? Main Deliverables/Milestones: Deliverable Date Project Mandate 09 March 2017 Project Brief: In depth literature review of formal project management methodologies and project success. Background research of the Home Automation industry, theory and concepts of complex projects. Philosophy and rationale

Environmental Issues of Pakistan Free Essays

Serious risks of irreversible damages are present due to air and water pollution, mismanagement of solid waste and destruction of fragile ecosystems. With an estimated 37 percent of its population living in cities, Pakistan is the highly urbanized country in South Asia. Its cities continue to grow, offering employment opportunities, but rapid urbanization has been accompanied by environmental problems such as pollution, waste management, congestion and the destruction of fragile ecosystems. We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Issues of Pakistan or any similar topic only for you Order Now Urban air pollution remains one of the most significant environmental problems, facing the cities. We can look into every environment problem one by one and understand that how is it affecting the country and think of the ways in order to reduce the threats it causes to our society. Air Pollution Air is the most essential need of humans but really unfortunately air is more polluted than others all today in the country. Smokes coming out from factories, industries, homes and vehicles are causing of air pollution. I would say that one of the most alarming situation for Pakistan that with the passage of time manufacturing industries are increasing even in residential areas. The smokes of anufacturer industries are causing of air pollution because of its dangerous gases. These deadly gases are so much dangerous for human health. Chemical reactions can also be harmful for humans and as well as for nature such as when sulfuric acid mix with water that help to make clouds and when rain’s drops fall down it effect humans, trees animals etc. Rapidly growing energy demand, fuel substitution such as high emitting coal and oil, and high-energy intensity are the key factors contributing to air pollution. Some factors contributing to high-energy intensity are transmission nd distribution losses in power generation, fuel prices subsidies on diesel and ageing vehicles, which are primarily diesel powered. Pakistan was ranked as 3rd most air polluted country in 2012. The annual mean PMIO 198 ug per cubic meter. Pakistan Clean Air Network (PCAN) was established in 2005 and is hosted by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IIJCN). Under an agreement with ADB in 2005, IUCN, a non-city member of Clean Air Asia, helped establish PCAN and serves as its secretariat. PCAN aims to address air quality issues in Pakistan and promote etter air quality management (AQM) practices in urban centers. The approach includes awareness raising, capacity building and provision of a broad knowledge base for AQM. Among the key achievements of the network is the establishment of Clean Air Coordination Committees for Karachi and Peshawar as well as initiating efforts to establish a policy roadmap for upgrading fuel quality for motor vehicles. As a single person we can play an important role in decreasing air pollution in the country. When possible, walk, bike, carpool or use mass transit. Avoid driving on high ozone days and during peak traffic . Don’t fill your gas tank on high ozone days, and try to refuel after dark. Also, dont overfill or â€Å"top-off’ your gas tank, as fumes can escape. Make your voice heard concerning mass transit and highway development. Get involved in local transportation planning boards or agencies to steer land use toward smart growth choices. Conserve energy to reduce the demand for power plants to produce more electricity by insulating your walls and ceilings, choosing energy-efficient home appliances, and using energy-efficient compact fluorescent light bulbs. Run your washer, drier or dishwasher only when full . Jse a fan and open windows instead of air conditioning in warm weather. Plant trees near your home to provide cooling shade . Avoid using gas-powered lawn mowers or other gardening equipment, especially on high ozone days. Instead, use electric mowers. Many utilities offer â€Å"green† energy options for their customers. As an electricity consumer, research and choose â€Å"green† energy options for your home. Water Pollution Water is essential for the survival of all living things. Without water, humans would die in a few days, crops would not grow and food would run short. In Pakistan, due to he increase in population, per-capital water resources estimated at the time of Partition at 5000m3/year are expected to fall below 1000m3/year in the near future. Pakistan will shortly become a water- stressed country. It is crucial, therefore, to water itself. The health and economic effects of polluted water are well-documented. It leads to illness, ailment and even death. Mortality and morbidity impose costs on individuals and families which, above the direct costs of treatment and medicine, may include loss of earning and impaired productivity. The Supreme Court of Pakistan has declared, not only that the fundamental right to life includes a clean and healthy environment, but that access to unpolluted water is the right of every person wherever he lives. The Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources, which launched its National Water Quality Monitoring Program in 2001, documents the water quality situation throughout Pakistan and submitted its fifth and final Report in 2007. The report examines the water quality of 357 samples taken from 23 major cities, eight rivers, six dams, four lakes, two canals and one reservoir to analyse ontaminants against an array of quality standards. Every major city reported unsafe drinking water. None of the water sources tested in Bahawalpur, Kasur, Multan, Lahore, Sheikhupura and Ziarat was safe for drinking purposes. All of the 22 surface water bodies evaluated in the report were found to be contaminated with coli forms and E. Coli; 73 per cent had a high level of turbidity, three had high concentrations of irons and 27 per cent showed excessive concentrations of iron and fluoride. Approximately, 60 per cent of Pakistanis get their drinking water from hand or motor umps (in rural areas, this figure is over 70 per cent). It is estimated that as many as 40 million Pakistanis depend on the supply of irrigation water for their domestic use. How to cite Environmental Issues of Pakistan, Papers

Law of Contract Westphalia Marts Pty Ltd

Question: Define the Law of Contract for Westphalia Marts Pty Ltd. Answer: 1: on the basis of the facts that have been given for this question, the question arises if the advertisement that has been issued by Mojo Beverage can be enforced by the law and if the promise that was made by Mojo in the advertisement to give $100,000 to the person who catches Lord Harry, a fish tagged and released in the lake, can be enforced by Ben. The reason is that Ben caught the fish but later on he found that there was an error in the advertisement and the company had the intention of giving a prize of $1000. For deciding the issue that has arisen in this case, it is required to be decided if the advertisement that was issued by Mojo Beverage can be treated as an offer or was it only an invitation to treat. The reason is that a significant difference is present between offer and an invitation to treat. According to this difference, when an offer is accepted, a legally enforceable contract is created between the parties. But an invitation to treat is not capable of being accepted by the other party for the formation of a contract. Usually, it has been seen that there is a lot of puffery in case of the advertisements (Brownsword, 2000). Generally, it is established to verify the claims that are made in the advertisements and the result is that they're not treated as offers under the contract law. But there was a significant change in this position after the decision given in Carlill v Carbolic Smokeball Company (1892). The company has issued an advertisement according to which, a reward of 100 will be paid to any person who contracted influenza even after using the smokeballs of the company. The company also deposited an amount of 1000 in the bank for the purpose of showing its seriousness. After reading about the offer, Mrs. Carlill used the smokeballs as directly by the company but she still contracted influenza. But then she made a claim for the prize money as mentioned by the company in its advertisement, the company refused. According to the defendant company, the advertisement issued by them was not an offer and therefore the plaintiff could not accept it resulting in a contract. The company claimed that the advertisement was only an invitation to treat. However this contention of the defendant was rejected by the court and it was decided that a contract has been formed. The court rejected the argument of the defendant according to which, it was a contract with the whole world and it is not possible to create a contract with the whole world. The court stated tha t the contract was not with the whole world, however the offer has been made to the whole world but the contract was formed only with the persons who satisfied the conditions of the offer. When the above-mentioned case law is applied to the facts of this case, it can be decided that in the present case, the advertisement of Mojo Beverage can be treated as an offer although it has been made to the whole world. This offer provided that a contract will be formed within a person who was successful in catching a fish that has been tagged by the company. Ben was also aware of this offer. After some time of the issue of this advertisement, there were rumors that the company intended to give a prize of $1000 but erroneously, the amount has been mentioned as $100,000. The rumors regarding the prize money were true but before Ben could know regarding this mistake, he had already caught the fish, Lord Harry. The result is that the requirements I are necessary for the formation of a valid contract are completed. The offer has been made in the form of the advertisement issued by the company, although the offer has been made to the whole world. This offer can only be accepted by the person who was successful in catching the fish. Therefore, as Ben had been successful in fulfilling this condition, a legally enforceable contract has been created and Mojo Beverage has to pay the amount mentioned by them in the advertisement. 2: The issue in this question is if the letter that was sent by Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty Ltd can be treated as an offer that could be accepted by Livestock Brokers and moreover, if Livestock Brokers can accept this offer after the expiry of six months. Usually the formation of a contract is based on an offer and its acceptance. It is required that an offer should be made by one party and the same should be accepted by the party to whom the offer has been made. This results in the formation of a legally enforceable contract. But in this context, the difference that exists between an offer and invitation to treat is also very significant. According to the law of contract, for the purpose of being treated as an offer, it needs to be proved that the party that had made the offer, also had the intention of being bound by it (Burrows and Peel, eds. 2003). For example in Harvey v Facey (1893), Harvey wrote a telegram to Facey and asked if he was willing to sell Bumper Hall Pen. He was told to telegram the lowest cash price. Facey send a telegram in reply and mentioned that the lowest cash price for Bumper Hall Pen will be 900. Harvey sent a reply and stated that they had accepted the price of 900. Facey claimed that no contract has been c reated between the parties. While deciding this case, the decision of the Privy Council was that there was no contract between the parties. The reason given in support of this decision was that Facey had not given a direct answer to the first question asked in the telegram if they were going to sell Bumper Hall Pen. The result was that the lowest price mentioned in the telegram was only in response to the request for information. Consequently, the court stated that it cannot be treated as an offer. There was no evidence that Facey had the intention that the reply sent by them was an offer. Similarly, according to the law of contract, the party making the offer can withdraw it at any time, before the same has been accepted (Harris and Tallon, eds 1989). This was stated in Dickinson v Dodds (1876). In the same way, if a particular deadline has not been set for accepting the offer, the offer will not be available after a reasonable period has expired. For this purpose, the reasonable period within which the offer can be accepted depends on the subject matter of the contract. In this case, the offer was not accepted by Livestock Brokers within a reasonable time. Similarly, instead of accepting the offer, Livestock Brokers asked if the sale can be financed according to the usual terms. But to this letter, no reply was given by Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty Ltd. But later on, after six months, Livestock Brokers sent a telegram to Dorper Sheep Sellers and mentioned their acceptance of the offer. However by that time, Dorper Sheep had already sold the flock of sheep to some other buyer. The result is that in this case, it has not been established that the letter written by Dorper Sheep was not an offer. On the other hand, Livestock Brokers had not sent their acceptance. In its place, they asked if the sale can be completed on usual terms. This does not amount to a valid acceptance. Moreover, after six months they have decided to accept the offer. Consequently, it can be decided that in this case, a contract has not been formed between Livestock Brokers and Dorper Sheep Sellers. The reason is that in this case, the elements that are required for the formation of a valid contract, offer and acceptance are not present. (b) On the other hand if it is assumed that Livestock had accepted the offer on 14 June and they also sent the fax containing the acceptance but due to some transmission error, this fax was not received by Dorper. But it needs to be noted that the postal rule of acceptance does not apply to the communications sent to instantaneous modes of communication. While the postal rule provides that when post is contemplated as the means of communicating acceptance, it is complete as soon as the letter is placed in the mailbox. But in this case this rule is not applicable. Therefore, the general rule applies according to which in order to be effective, acceptance has to be communicated to the other party. 3: The facts of this question suggests that the issue that has to be decided is if the part payment of a debt can act as a consideration to support the promise relinquished the rest of the amount. For deciding this issue, the role that was mentioned by the court in Pinnel's Case (1602) has to be applied. This rule provides that the part payment of debt is not a good consideration to support the promise to forgo the balance (Atiyah, 1990). For example if A owes $50 to B and B decided to accept $25 as the full satisfaction of the debt on the due date, the law does not prevent B from claiming the rest of the amount later on. The reason is that in this case, A has not provided any consideration in return of the promise made by B. On the other hand, A was already bound to pay the full amount as per the contract between the parties (Stilk v Myrick, 1809). The reason behind this rule is to protect the creditors from economic duress by the debtors. The facts of Pinnel's Case also need to be discussed briefly. In this case, Cole owed 8.50 to Pinnel and this amount had to be paid on 11 November. But on a demand made by Pinnel, Cole paid 5.11 and Pinnel accepted this amount as the complete satisfaction of the debt. But Pinnel sued Cole for the remaining amount later on. The decision of the court was that the part payment made by Cole was not sufficient consideration. According to the court, the agreement between the parties to accept the part payment as complete will be binding if some fresh consideration has been supplied by the debtor. Therefore the position under the law contract is that in such a case, consideration may be supplied in case the creditor agreed to accept part payment on an earlier date, chattel instead of the money or the part payment to be given at a different place (Beatson, 2002). Even if the rule described by the court in Pinnel's case has been criticized as being somewhat harsh, however it represents the current law. Another case dealing with this issue is that of Foakes v Beer (1884). Mrs. Beers got a judgment from the courts against Dr. Foakes. He requested for some more time and it was decided that Mrs. Beers will not take any action if an amount of 500 was immediately paid by Foakes and the rest in installments of 150. Dr. Foakes during followed the agreement but the judgment debts also carried interest. Regarding interest on this amount, the decision of the House of Lords was that Mrs. Beers can recover the amount of 360 as interest. The court said that Foakes had not provided any conside ration in return of the promise made by Mrs. Beers to refrain from taking any further action. As a result, consideration was not present and the promise was not enforceable. In this case, Westphalia Marts Pty Ltd had made a promise that they will accept a reduced rent of $700 per week but in return for this promise, Stewart had not supplied any consideration. Therefore, Westphalia Marts Pty Ltd cannot be prevented from demanding the shortfall of $300 per week and also the whole rent in future. Therefore the promise of Westphalia Marts to accept reduced rental is not the enforceable for the lack of consideration. References Atiyah, P.S. 1990, Essays on Contract, Oxford University Press, New York Atiyah, P.S., 1995, Introduction to the Law of Contract, 5th Edition, Oxford University Press Beatson, J, 2002, Ansons Law of Contract, 28th Edition, Oxford University Press Benson, Peter (ed) 2001, The Theory of Contract Law: New Essays (Cambridge University Brownsword, R, 2000, Contract Law: Themes for the Twenty-First Century, (Butterworths, Burrows, A. and Peel, E eds. 2003, Commercial Remedies: Current Issues Problems, OUP Harris, D. and Tallon, D. eds 1989, Contract Law Today: Anglo-French Comparisons (Clarendon Press, Oxford London Press, Cambridge Case Law Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company [1892] EWCA Civ 1 Harvey v Facey [1893] UKPC 1 Foakes v Beer (1884) 9 App Cas 605 Stilk v Myrick [1809] EWHC KB J58 Pinnel's Case (1602) 5 CoRep 117a Dickinson v Dodds (1876) 2 Ch. D. 463

Importance of the Bill of Rights in the Constitution

Table of Contents Introduction Arguments against the Bill of Rights Arguments in favor of the Bill of Rights Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Various countries have adopted different systems of government that are suitable for them. A legitimate government is one that has the legal power to rule the nation. A government becomes popular if it is supported by most of the citizens. The constitution is one of the major documents that provide the frame work within which the government operates. This fundamental document defines the relationship between the citizens and the government. It also defines the powers that the government has and how it should exercise them.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of the Bill of Rights in the Constitution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The constitution is normally broken down it various categories each having a set of provisions. The bill of rights is one of the b asic provisions of a given constitution and it spells out the rights and freedoms of all the citizens of a given nation. The inclusion of the Bill of Rights in the constitution has been a controversial issue and some people contend that it is not necessary in a situation where we have a legitimate government that has a popular support. In my view, the bill of rights is very necessary in any type of government because of the following reasons. Arguments against the Bill of Rights In the case of United States, the inclusion of the bill of rights was controversial and people who opposed it had the following arguments. First, they felt that they could elect various individuals to represent them in parliament and if they failed to be accountable to the citizens, they could be stripped off their leadership positions. Secondly, â€Å"the Bill of Rights was used by anti federalists, as a rallying point to argue in favor of the pre-constitutional status quo a confederation of independent s tates, operating under the glorified treaty that was the Articles of Confederation† (Amar 123). They also thought that the process of drafting it could take a long time and it could interfere with the promulgation of the proposed law. Thirdly, they contended that the bill of rights would give the impression that the federal government had unlimited powers. Fourthly, the bill rights could not be practical and it could simply be treated as a mission statement. They also thought that there were no mechanisms that could be used to force the legislature to stick on it. â€Å"It is on this basis that they dismissed it as volumes of aphorisms which would sound better in treaties of ethics than in a constitution of government† (Levy 68). This argument remained popular until 1789 when Thomas Jefferson fought for the drafting of the bill. It was later adopted and recognized by the Supreme Court in 1803.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help yo u! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Arguments in favor of the Bill of Rights The Bill Rights is an important aspect of the constitution and I therefore contend that it should be part of the constitution of any legitimate and popular government. I support it because of the following reasons. It enables the citizens to fully benefit from the government. This is because it ensures that the government protects the welfare and rights of its citizens. The U.S. constitution has ten amendments and they are what we call the Bill of Rights. These rights also enable the citizens to have a fair trial in the courts hence, they cannot be tried unfairly. In addition to these, suspects can be freed on bail as they wait for their cases to be tried. The lives of citizens is also protected by the bill, hence, the life of an individual cannot be taken by any body unless there are proper justifications for it. â€Å"The bill of rights also guarantees the citizens the freedom of sp eech, of religion, of the press, of lawful assembly, and of appeal by petition† (Levy 187). This right can only be restricted in a case where it interferes with the rights of others. Citizens are also accorded the right be in possession of arms provided they do not misuse them. It also prevents unnecessary military occupation unless it is allowed by the law. The United Nations also came up with Universal Human Rights. These Rights were formulated in order to preserve the dignity of human beings from any violation. It therefore enhances equality among people and this encourages peace in the world. Many conflicts that occur today in various countries are mainly because the rights of the citizens are not honored. For example, the wave of revolution that has really spread a cross the Arab world is mainly because the governments in those countries do respect the citizens’ rights. â€Å"Many believe that the protection of human rights is essential to the sustainable achiev ement of the three agreed global priorities of peace, development and democracy† (Labunski 157). This protection can only be possible if there are legal provisions for it. Apart from the bill of rights, the citizens’ rights can also be safeguarded through the following methods. The government through the judiciary ensures that citizens’ rights are protected by punishing those who violate them. Secondly, it also uses its security departments to ensure that all citizens are law abiding and do not infringe on the rights of other people. The French Revolution opened a new chapter in the life of French citizens.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of the Bill of Rights in the Constitution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During the conflict various scholars like Montesquieu, and Rousseau advocated for the three ideals to be honored by the government. These ideals were equality, liberty, and fraternity. By advocating for these ideals they were demanding for the protection of their rights which had been seriously abused by the despotic regime. Conclusion From the above discussion, we can therefore conclude that the Bill of Rights is very important even if the government is legitimate. The legitimacy of the government is not enough to make it committed in doing the right things that the citizens expect of it. For example, many governments often start ruling with a lot of popularity but they often lose bearing at some level. It is only the bill of rights that can keep the government’s activities in check. Therefore, the Bill of Rights should be part of the constitution. Works Cited Amar, Akhil. The Bill of Rights: Creation and Reconstruction. New York: Yale University Press, 2000. Labunski, Richard. James Madison and the Struggle for the Bill of Rights. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. Levy, Leonard. Origins of the Bill of Rights. New York: Yale University Press, 2001. This essay on Importance of the Bill of Rights in the Constitution was written and submitted by user Jayda Maynard to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

State of the Union Reaction Paper essays

State of the Union Reaction Paper essays I feel that the State of the Union Address was filled with omissions and misrepresentations. Mr. Bush has many mirrors that dont show the true picture. He remind me of the carnival when you have the mirrors that make you look tall or skinny even ones that make you look fat. Just look into one of President Bushs mirrors and youll see just what he wants you to see. The said thing is that most people dont realize that when they walk away from the mirror reality is still there. In Mirror number one Mr. Bush tried to convince the nation that Social Security is headed for bankruptcy. The President has decided that his last term will be spent doing battle with President Roosevelt. Roosevelt proposed Social Security with the government as the guarantor of a safety net for the elderly, an idea that has been central to the New Deal creed that Democrats have hewed to since. Bush said he wanted to fundamentally alter it for younger workers, relying on the upward forces of financial markets to provide returns that the government never could. If young voters embrace the idea, then they might also embrace the GOP for years to come. The smoking gun is what President Bush omitted. He failed to mention that he was also proposing a fundamental shift in risk from government to the individual. If we are to be responsible for our own senior years then why not stop paying social security tax and invest on our own. He failed to mention that when money is diverted for investments that we will have to pay taxes some other way to support the current Social Security system. President Roosevelt knew that not all of us are good investor he might have even had a premonition on companies like Enron who would swindle the American people. Bush warned alarmingly of financial disaster. He spoke of the importance of personal accounts, which even his supporters say wouldn't help. The alarming disaster is that he is in charge of ou...

Macroeconomic convergence, development and growth Essay

Macroeconomic convergence, development and growth - Essay Example This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the concept of macroeconomic convergence, and outlines empirical facts, that confirm this hypothesis. Macroeconomic convergence is a process adopted by the adjoining economies across regions for economic integration amidst themselves. The trade and growth models are two models depicting economic integration and are related to convergence of income. Macroeconomic convergence could be reached more rapidly when there is an equitable distribution of wealth . Some of the most vigorous of all attempts towards macroeconomic convergence is noted among the African economies which are pestered by poverty. These nations have realized the importance of macroeconomic convergence to make their meek presences felt and to ensure monetary, financial and political stability as well as security There are two kinds of macroeconomic convergence. Sigma-convergence signifies the rate at which the disparity in the income levels of nations is reducing, beta-convergence implies the rate at which the poorer nations are growing compared to their richer counterparts Macroeconomic convergence could be brought about by drawing integration between the macroeconomic policies of the underlying nations. The nations might take an initiative to characterize themselves with similar economic features so as to lend themselves on comparative grounds with their neighbours The concept of convergence is found to be popular among the poorer nations of the world whose primary aim is to raise their respective per capita incomes. Economic growth and macroeconomic convergence: an empirical investigation Integration of national as well as regional economies with world economy is the salient feature over many years. Two models of economic integration which relates to income convergence are firstly growth models and secondly trade models (Kim, 1997, p.4). According to the neoclassical Solow model of growth, the regional level of income varies due to the different capital labour ratios. Whereas the Hecksher Ohlin trade model says that the income varies across the regions due to the difference in the factor prices and factor endowments (Kim, 1997, p.5). Income convergence occurs due to trades in goods and economic integration via equalisation in prices. Factor endowments vary across the regions and therefore various regions specialise in different industries. The growth models generated by Romer and Lucas, which are based on increasing returns on physical capital, states the chances of such income divergence. Even the trade models by Krugman states that income divergence may arise due to the differences in the industrial structures. If the industries equipped with high technology and high wages are subjected to external economy then the trade transactions

Strategic Options Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Options - Essay Example Indeed, in marketing theory, goals set are always the higher ambitions whiles the objectives are the specific activities to take to realize the goals. So in the case of Eurofreeze, it has clearly spelt out a goal of increasing its market share and profit margins but the surest way that the company seeks to achieve this is by giving much attention to products that the company considers to be of commercial value. The above summary could be briefed in SWOT analysis for Eurofreeze. As part of the strengths of the company, it would be identified that the company presently have a very rooted knowledge in freezer technology, which is a major requirement for survival in the industry. Again, the company has a buying function with which it purchases vegetables and fruits directly. Even more, the company has successfully developed a well known branded food product. Regardless of the strengths, a number of weaknesses mitigate against the company, including the fact that its market share is prese ntly far lower than its key competitor (Adams, 2011). Again, Eurofreeze has not been able to provide the one market-leading frozen brand that its consumers wanted. In the midst of the weaknesses, there is an opportunity in the recovering global economic recession, which gives opportunities for the company to undertake foreign direct investments in markets where its major competitor does not have commanding market share. Finally, the company is faced with a number of threats including the fact that the market leader, which is Refrigor offers is a low-cost leader. Again, refrigerator space in most supermarkets in markets in the United Kingdom and other places are giving space only to their own brand of products. Lastly, the marketing strategies and plans used by Eurofreeze is relatively the same as that of competitors (Haga and Marold, 2004). Development of Scoring Criteria Based on the SWOT Analysis performed earlier, a number of criteria can be developed for scoring each option avai lable to the company so that the best option can eventually be selected. These criteria are grouped under three major themes namely suitability, acceptability and feasibility. Scooping through the SWOT analysis, some of the major criteria that can be used include the following: The grouping of the criteria according to the three themes are thus given as follows: Suitability Criteria 1: Growth and Investment: This criterion is selected as a long term strategic plan for the company towards taking advantage of its opportunities and using them according to its advantage. Without growth and investment, the company cannot utilize its opportunities of a generally improving global economy that makes foreign direct investment a lucrative venture. Criteria 2: Brand equity: Brand equity will be established over a long term basis. It is therefore relevant in pushing up the company for its long term ambition of becoming a market leader. With a brand equity, publicity on all products and services of the company will be reduced because customers would have a lot to know about the company in advance. Feasibility Criteria 3: Value adding: This criterion has been selected to overcome the weakness of the company identified as having a very low market share. With value added service and product, it is hoped that

Personal statements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personal statements - Essay Example I have advanced proficiency levels in the use of basic computer programs which can assist in business applications like writing business correspondences and computing through spreadsheets. I am genuinely interested in pursuing higher education in business to harness my professional skills and keep me abreast on contemporary applications of management of global organizations. By applying in this institution’s business program, I am optimistic to gain a more comprehensive approach in managing business organizations through the development of leadership, entrepreneurial, interpersonal, negotiation, conflict-resolution, information technology, electronic business applications and research skills and abilities that are needed in business organizations in the future. As more organizations become global enterprises, I would like to improve my skills in becoming part of a global organization that could give me opportunities to experience other cultures and contribute to its growth and advancement.

Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership

Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership The title of the research is the Relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership. The first article is discussing about the critical examination of the relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership by the author of Dirk Lindebaum and Susan Cartwright. The second article is discussing about the relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership style and gender comparison of leadership style by the author of Barbara Mandell and Shilpa Pherwani. The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between the emotional intelligence and transformational leadership. This topic is very interesting because it is describing the relationship between the management and psychology. Objectives of this research is to evaluate the relationship between the emotional intelligence and transformational leadership, gender comparison of the leadership style, have contributed to the construct of emotional intelligenc e and its importance in the workplace, comparison and contrast between the two articles. In this research I am going to discuss about how they are relating emotional intelligence and transformational leadership? How they are describing emotional intelligence? And what is the difference between the transactional leadership and transformational leadership? Then how they are analyzing and discussing the relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership in the organization? Dirk Lindebaum and Susan Cartwright article seeks to remedy this efficiency. First, it provides a rationale for utilizing a particular conceptualization of Emotional Intelligence. Second, it synthesizes the theoretical concepts of Emotional intelligence and Transformational leadership and offers an overview of empirical studies that have investigated the interface between the two. It then proceeds to explain briefly the methodological concerns related to common method variance and the implications for research designs. The resultant design of this study explores the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and Transformational leadership (TFL), taking account of common method variance (CMV). Finally, the article discusses its findings in relation to previous studies, its limitations, and recommendations for future research (DirkLindebaum SusanCartwright). The Barbara Mandell and Shilpa Pherwani article is providing the types of intelligence, types of mental abilities, models of emotional intelligence, comparison between transactional leadership and transformational leadership, gender comparison of leadership style, measurement instruments, and statistical analysis. In Each article the Mayer and Salovey are giving the definition for emotional intelligence is different in different years. First article is showing the definition of Mayer and Salovey in 1997, they defined Emotional intelligence as, (Mayer Salovey, 1997) ability to perceive accurately, appraise, and express emotion; the ability to access and/or generate feelings when they facilitate thought; the ability to understand emotion and emotional knowledge; and the ability to regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual grow. In second article has taken the definition of emotional intelligence from Mayer and Salovey in the year of 1990. Mayer and Salovey defined as, (Mayer Salovey, 1990) emotional intelligence as the ability to monitor ones own and others feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide ones own thinking and actions. Both articles are captured the imagination of management scholars and psychologist: emotional intelligence ( EI) and Transformational leadership (TFL). According to Dirk Lindebaum and Susan Cartwright article Emotional intelligence explains 34 percent of the variance in a measure of Transformational leadership (Butler Chinowsky, 2006), which is an above-average percentage in social science research. Both articles are discussing two models of emotional intelligence. In Dirk and Susan article specifying two types of emotional intelligence that are, trait emotional intelligence and ability emotional intelligence. According to Petrides et al. (2007, p.273), trait emotional intelligence defined as emotion-related dispositions and self-perceptions. Trait emotional intelligence relies upon self-report measure (e.g. the Emotional Quotient Inventory, EQ-i) and assesses typical or preferred modes of behavior, whereas the latter uses ability measures (e.g. the Mayor-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test, MSCEIT), with right or wrong answers, and refers to maximum performance in processing emotional information. (Mayer Salovey, 1997). Ho wever, representatives of both the trait and ability Emotional intelligence approach maintain that considerable progress of their respective conceptualization has been achieved in recent years (Mayer, et al., Petrides et al., 2004). According to Barbara Mandell and Shilpa Pherwani two models of emotional intelligence have emerged, these are ability model and mixed model. The ability model defines emotional intelligence as a set of abilities that involves perceiving and reasoning abstractly with information that emerges from feelings. This model has been supported by the researcher of Mayer, Caruso and Salovey (1999); Mayer, DiPaolo, and Salovey (1990); Mayer and Salovey (1993, 1997); and Salovey and Mayer (1990). The mixed model defines emotional intelligence as ability with social behaviors, traits and competencies. This model has found in the writing of Goleman (1995, 1998) and Bar-on (1997). In Dirk and Susan article synthesizing emotional intelligence and transformational leadership this is explored first with regard to the conceptual proximity between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership, followed by empirical studies that examined their relationship. Whilst transformational leadership has been variously defined, Burns (1978) characterizes the transformational leaders as someone who looks for potential followers, seeks to satisfy higher needs, and engages the full person of the followers (p.4). He goes on to suggest that the result is a relationship of mutual stimulation and elevation that converts followers into leaders and may convert leaders into moral agents. Bass and Avolio (Bass Avolio, 1994) have refined earlier research on Transformational leader (e.g. Bass, 1985) and deconstructed the concept into four components. These are denoted as: idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. Transformational leaders use inspirational motivation to communicate high expectations, often drawing on symbolic messages to provide meaning to their followers work (Bass, 1990). Barbara and Shilpa article describing the transformational leadership of two authors like Bass and Avolio. They defined transformational leadership as leadership that occurs when the leader stimulates the interest among colleagues and followers to view their work from a new prospective. According to Barbara and Shilpa the transformational leader generates awareness of the mission or vision of the organization, and develops colleagues and followers to higher levels of ability and potential. In addition, the transformational leader motivates colleagues and followers to look beyond their own interest towards interest that will benefit the group. In comparison to transformational leadership, Bass and Avolio (Bass Avolio, 1994) described transactional leadership occurring when the leader rewards or disciplines the follower with regards to performance. Burns (Burns, 1978) described transactional leaders as leaders that emphasize work standards, assignment, and task-oriented goals. In addi tion, transactional leaders tend to focus on task completion and employee compliance, and these leaders rely quite heavily on organizational rewards and punishments to influence employee performance. Bass (Bass, 1997) suggested that transformational leaders (TFL) achieved higher levels of success in the workplace than transactional leaders (TAL). He noted that TF leaders were promoted more often and produced better financial results that TA leaders (Bass, 1997). Bass (Bass, 1997) also observed that employees rated TF leaders more satisfying and effective than TA leaders. Bass (Bar-On, 1997) would attribute transformational leaders superior work performance to high EQ-I scores. In recent years, numerous studies have examined empirically the link between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership. The literature review permits the classification of these studies into three prominent streams. Stream1 includes those studies that collected data concerning trait emotional intelligence and transformational leadership from the same source using self-report measures. Stream2 features studies that administered trait emotional intelligence and transformational leadership questionnaires to different raters. Finally, studies pertaining the stream3 used an ability-based measure of emotional intelligence and collected data relative to transformational leadership from a different source. (DirkLindebaum SusanCartwright). In addition Barbara and Shilpa were saying about gender comparison in their article. They specified as the researchers in the past have also looked at the gender differences for both transformational leadership style and emotional intelligence . Although past research on leadership style differences between men and women has been inconclusive, a review of research on leadership and gender consistently demonstrates that women leaders are often negatively evaluated in comparison to their male counterparts, especially when they employ an autocratic leadership style (Eagly, Makhijani, Klonsky, 1992). To analyzing the relationship between the emotional intelligence and transformational leadership both different authors are using the different analysis methods. Dirk and Susan were used two analysis methods. Barbara and Shilpa were used one analysis method. According to Dirk and Susan two subsidiary analysis methods were used by the researcher. These are (1) control for fixed effects and (2) examine the data using randomization. Controlling for fixed effects can be highly desirable as it ensures that estimates are more consistent. In second subsidiary analysis, randomization was used to further examine the relationship between trait emotional intelligence and transformational leadership across all data produced by the same source. According to Barbara and Shilpa hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to examine the predictive relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership style. The analysis also used to examine interaction of gender with emotion al intelligence when predicting transformational leadership style. The analysis also helped the researchers identify gender differences in the relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership style. Conclusion This research was designed to determine the predictive relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership style, as well as determined the gender comparison of leadership style. I find types of analysis for evaluation of relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership style. Finally I find types of emotional intelligence and conceptualization of emotional intelligence, three types of streams to determine relationship, characteristics of leadership, comparison between transactional and transformational leadership from both articles.

Feminism in John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums :: Feminism Feminist Women Criticism

Feminism in John Steinbeck’s The Chrysanthemums  Ã‚   At first glance John Steinbeck’s "The Chrysanthemums" seems to be a story about a woman whose niche is in the garden. Upon deeper inspection the story has strong notes of feminism in the central character Elisa Allen.   Elisa’s actions and feelings reflect her struggle as a woman trying and failing to emasculate herself in a male dominated society. Elisa is at her strongest and most proud in the garden and becomes weak when placed in feminine positions such as going out to dinner with her husband. Steinbeck carefully narrates this woman’s frequent shifts between femininity and masculinity over a short period of time. In the opening of the story Elisa is emasculated by the description of her clothing. She wears "a man’s black hat pulled low down over her eyes, clodhopper shoes, a figured print dress almost completely covered by a big corduroy apron†¦" (paragraph 5). When Elisa’s husband Henry comes over and compliments her garden and ability to grow things Elisa is smug with him and very proud of her skill with the flowers. Her "green thumb" makes her an equal in her own eyes. When Elisa’s husband asks her if she would like to go to dinner her feminine side comes out. She is excited to go eat at a restaurant and states that she would much rather go to the movies than go see the fights, she "wouldn’t like the fight’s" at all (paragraph 21). Elisa is taken aback with her own submissiveness and quickly becomes preoccupied with her flowers as soon as her husband leaves. When the drifter comes and asks Elisa for work to do she is stern with him and refuses him a job. She acts as a man would to another strange man and becomes irritated. When he persists in asking her she reply’s "I tell you I have nothing like that for you to do" (paragraph 46). The drifter mentions Elisa’s chrysanthemums and she immediately loosens up as "the irritation and resistance melt(ed) from her face" (paragraph 51). The drifter feigns great interest in Elisa’s chrysanthemums and asks her many questions about them. He tells her he knows a lady who said to him "if you ever come across some nice chrysanthemums I wish you’d try to get me a few seeds" (paragraph 56). Elisa is overjoyed by any interest in her flowers and gives the man chrysanthemum sprouts to take to his friend.